Csf fluid image3/24/2023 ![]() Use darkfield microscopy or fluorescent antibody detection to detect Treponema pallidum in relevant tissue samples.As indicated, test cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for reactivity for VDRL test, or elevated CSF cell count or protein.Collect maternal and neonatal blood samples for laboratory testing (maternal titres rapid plasma reagin and venereal disease research laboratory, neonatal blood count and thrombocytopenia).Obtain maternal medical health and pregnancy history for syphilis diagnosis.Hearing test: Hearing impairment (failed hearing screening must be followed with diagnostic testing to verify hearing loss).Radiographs: Osteochondritis, diaphyseal osteomyelitis, periostitis. ![]() Eye: Chorioretinitis and pigmentary chorioretinopathy (salt and pepper type), glaucoma, cataracts, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis.Abdomen: Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen).Face: Rhinitis (snuffles) with mucopurulent nasal discharge.Q15.0 Congenital glaucoma Checklist Checklist for high-quality reporting Checklist Infants might be born without clinical signs of syphilis but go on to develop late-stage manifestations of untreated congenital syphilis that include developmental delay, neurologic manifestations and late congenital syphilis physical signs. Infants who remain undiagnosed and untreated can progress to late congenital syphilis, resulting in numerous additional clinical manifestations, including, but not limited to: saddle nose due to destruction of cartilage, frontal bossing due to periostitis, tibial thickening (saber shins), joint swelling (clutton joints), perforation of hard palate, abnormal tooth development (Hutchinson’s teeth, mulberry molars), interstitial keratitis, neurologic deafness and optic atrophy. Some clinical signs consistent with congenital syphilis – such as hydrops and hepatosplenomegaly – might be detected by ultrasound during pregnancy. Clinical manifestations of early congenital syphilis might include rhinitis (“snuffles”), hepatosplenomegaly, skin rash with desquamation, chorioretinitis and pigmentary chorioretinopathy (salt and pepper type), glaucoma, cataracts, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis, periostitis and cortical demineralization of metaphysis and diaphysis areas of long bones, anaemia and thrombocytopenia. Some infants with early congenital syphilis are asymptomatic at birth. Main clinical manifestations in the infant Individuals with the infection move from one stage to the next in the absence of treatment. In tertiary syphilis, several medical problems affecting the heart, neurologic system and other organs can be seen. In latent stage, there are no signs or symptoms. ![]() In secondary syphilis, fever, swollen lymph nodes and skin rash, and wart-like genital lesions (condyloma lata) can be seen. The sores are usually firm, round and painless. In primary syphilis, a sore or multiple sores appear at the site where the bacterium entered the body – typically near the genitals, the rectum, or the oral cavity. Main clinical manifestations in the mother Birth defects can occur in infants born to women who are infected with syphilis prior to or during pregnancy. The infection is most commonly transmitted through sexual contact (vaginal, oral, or anal sex). Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.
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